Gender difference in plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 activity in patients with type 2 diabetes with and without albuminuria, a matched case-control study

Authors

  • Mehrnaz Imani
  • Soghra Rabizadeh
  • Manouchehr Nakhjavani
  • Payam Hashemi
  • Shaghayegh Pezeshki
  • Reyhane Hizomi
  • Alireza Esteghamati
  • Hossein Mirmiranpour

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31989/ffhd.v9i7.595

Abstract

Background: Women with type 2 diabetes are more susceptible to coagulopathy disorders and endothelial dysfunction. One possible explanation is the effects of different sex hormones in inflammatory conditions. Increased plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) activity has been observed as a possible predisposing factor for coagulopathy disorders and endothelial dysfunction. However, the effect of gender on PAI-1 in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and albuminuria has not been studied sufficiently.

Objectives: In this study, we examined whether changes of PAI-1 activity according to the albuminuria state in patients with type 2 diabetes are different in males and females.

Materials and Methods: A matched case-control study was performed among participants with T2D, as 38 microalbuminuric patients were matched with 38 normoalbuminuric patients who were similar in age and body mass index (BMI). PAI-1 activity was compared between the two groups with and without gender stratification.

Results: PAI-1 activity in microalbuminuric women was higher in comparison to that of the normoalbuminuric controls (P-value < 0.05). There was no significant difference in PAI-1 activity between macroalbuminuric and normoalbuminuric men. In women with type 2 diabetes and albuminuria, PAI-1 activity was independently and significantly associated with urinary albumin excretion.

Conclusions: Gender differences in PAI-1 activity, seen in the early stages of diabetic nephropathy, are a possible explanation for the higher incidence of vasculopathy in women with type 2 diabetes

Keywords: plasminogen activator inhibitor-1; coagulopathy; microalbuminuria; type 2 diabetes; gender

Published

2019-07-30

Issue

Section

Research Articles